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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁5 D1 y ~- [1 \
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“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”0 k0 m1 J: [# ?. x6 L7 _
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:, r6 f6 N* q+ X, z) ^
“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”
9 K$ [6 D. m3 K5 F/ Y& i; Q 不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:
1 C: i0 z3 f6 [& q, x3 u “They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”9 @- t; L6 c+ L$ m
不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。. K5 A2 K& y) [. f3 Z8 y
现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。
+ r. k- B% i1 f, B: i+ x4 L' C/ t Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:
! _3 C. d4 Z/ L) ?8 u, w& t Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:" N4 {4 b+ H y! h2 M1 i% D" a
① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.$ y, R7 j- k" W1 w
② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
' D; h3 o, J- l; y( H Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
% I# \, ]! M- e; A But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:" d4 h+ A! g8 C3 y0 Z, R
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
4 M; X- X) V, m& P' n! d ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.% R+ ^( W/ N/ T2 B
Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:; y( C/ ?; m9 ?
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
2 i2 P, }; A2 u6 T ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.
* ^" \) M" @$ _# D7 a ⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
. [/ q* v+ K- f' C! H; R Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
. F; b6 ^* G! q& q1 D4 i Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:& w/ N8 ^% ~4 Y) y0 \' c L: k* {
⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.9 \6 Q) {& S& y5 O) L/ s
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.; L/ [* n! p' R% P3 P( h" m
Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:0 A. L3 Z8 c. L: V. G
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:# Q: S# W( i; K
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".- f" t- b$ z; U5 j, D6 {5 w L7 ~7 m
Ⅵ表示“结束”:) D/ i4 f* w9 D* b2 x0 k
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:
0 k. P5 Z% a( h8 C4 [5 ^. q( y ⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
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